NDLI: Embedded operating system energy analysis and macro-modeling

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Tan, T.K. Raghunathan, A. Jha, N.K.
Copyright Year	2002
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Electr. Eng., Princeton Univ., NJ, USA (Tan, T.K.)
Abstract	A large and increasing number of modern embedded systems are subject to tight power/energy constraints. It has been demonstrated that the operating system (OS) can have a significant impact on the energy efficiency of the embedded system. Hence, analysis of the energy effects of the OS is of great importance. Conventional approaches to energy analysis of the OS (and embedded software, in general) require the application software to be completely developed and integrated with the system software, and that either measurement on a hardware prototype or detailed simulation of the entire system be performed. Since this process requires significant design effort, unfortunately, it is typically too late in the design cycle to perform high-level or architectural optimizations on the embedded software, restricting the scope of power savings. Our work recognizes the need to provide embedded software designers with feedback about the effect of different OS services on energy consumption early in the design cycle. As a first step in that direction, this paper presents a systematic methodology to perform energy analysis and macro-modeling of an embedded OS. Our energy macro-models provide software architects and developers with an intuitive model for the OS energy effects, since they directly associate energy consumption with OS services and primitives that are visible to the application software. Our methodology consists of (i) an analysis stage, where we identify a set of energy components, called energy characteristics, which are useful to the designer in making OS-related design trade-offs, and (ii) a subsequent macromodeling stage, where we collect data for the identified energy components and automatically derive macro-models for them. We validate our methodology by deriving energy macro-models for two state-of-the-art embedded OS's, /spl mu/C/OS and Linux OS.
Sponsorship	IEEE Comput. Soc. Tech. Committee on Design Autom. IEEE Circuits & Syst. Soc
Starting Page	515
Ending Page	522
File Size	430998
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0769517005
ISSN	10636404
DOI	10.1109/ICCD.2002.1106822
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2002-09-18
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Operating systems Embedded software Embedded system Performance analysis Application software Energy consumption Energy efficiency System software Energy measurement Software measurement
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hardware and Architecture

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