Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Zhenhai Duan Gopalan, K. Xin Yuan |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Description | Author affiliation: Florida State Univ., Tallahassee (Zhenhai Duan) |
| Abstract | By analyzing a two-month trace of more than 25 million emails received at a large US university campus network, of which more than 18 million are spam messages, we characterize the spammer behavior at both the mail server and the network levels. We also correlate the arrivals of spam with the BGP route updates to study the network reachability properties of spammers. Among others, our significant findings are: (a) the majority of spammers (93% of spam only mail servers and 58% of spam only networks) send only a small number of spam messages (no more than 10); (b) the vast majority of both spam messages (91.7%) and spam only mail servers (91%) are from mixed networks that send both spam and non-spam messages; (c) the majority of both spam messages (68%) and spam mail servers (74%) are from a few regions of the IP address space (top 20 "/8" address spaces); (d) a large portion of spammers (81% of spam only mail servers and 27% of spam only networks) send spam only within a short period of time (no longer than one day out of the two months); and (e) network prefixes for a non-negligible portion of spam only networks (6%) are only visible for a short period of time (within 7 days), coinciding with the spam arrivals from these networks. We discuss the implications of the findings for the current anti-spam efforts, and more importantly, for the design of future email delivery architectures. |
| Starting Page | 164 |
| Ending Page | 171 |
| File Size | 364642 |
| Page Count | 8 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 1424403537 |
| DOI | 10.1109/ICC.2007.35 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2007-06-24 |
| Publisher Place | UK |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Electronic mail Network servers Communications Society IEEE news Statistics Performance analysis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|