NDLI: Recruitment compensation as a hearing aid signal processing strategy

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Allen, J.B.
Copyright Year	1998
Description	Author affiliation: AT&T Labs., Florham Park, NJ, USA (Allen, J.B.)
Abstract	Although Fowler is commonly given credit for discovering recruitment [1936], Steinberg and Gardner at Bell Labs [1937] were the first to understand its true significance. Today recruitment is poorly understood, and is generally misdefined as the abnormally rapid growth of loudness. It is not well known that loudness in sones does not grow more rapidly in the recruiting ear; rather it is the intensity of an equally loud tone (i.e., the loudness-level in phons) that grows more rapidly. Regardless of the definition, recruitment is the most basic manifestation of sensory-neural hearing loss. Recruitment is due to the loss of outer hair cell (OHC) function. The sound-detecting inner hair cells (IHC) within the cochlea have a limited dynamic range of less than 60 dB. The OHCs nonlinearly compress the dynamic range of the signal excitation to the IHC, extending its dynamic range. Thus the normal function of OHCs plays a critical role in loudness and speech coding. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (OAE) are an objective measure of OHC nonlinear compression, while loudness growth is a subjective measure. This report discusses the application of multi-band compression (MBC) to the compensation of loudness recruitment. This technology was "reinvented" at Bell Labs between 1983 and 1987 and is now sold by the ReSound Corporation. Our basic strategy with multi-band compression is to restore the normal dynamic range which is lost due to OHC misfunction. We describe why MBC works and what the hair cells do. We describe how the OHCs might act as compressors. Finally we review the history of the MBC hearing-aid development at Bell Labs.
Starting Page	565
Ending Page	568
File Size	479695
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780344553
DOI	10.1109/ISCAS.1998.705336
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1998-05-31
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Recruitment Auditory system Signal processing Dynamic range Hair Distortion measurement Ear Deafness Speech coding Nonlinear distortion
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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