NDLI: Anode/cathode make and break phenomena in a model of defibrillation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Skouibine, K.B. Trayanova, N.A. Moore, P.K.
Copyright Year	1964
Abstract	The goal of this simulation study is to examine, in a sheet of myocardium, the contribution of anode and cathode break phenomena in terminating a spiral wave reentry by the defibrillation shock. The tissue is represented as a homogeneous bidomain with unequal anisotropy ratios. Two case studies are presented in this article: tissue that can electroporate at high levels of transmembrane potential, and model tissue that does not support electroporation. In both cases, the spiral wave is initiated via cross-field stimulation of the bidomain sheet. The extracellular defibrillation shock is delivered via two small electrodes located at opposite tissue boundaries. Modifications in the active membrane kinetics enable the delivery of high-strength defibrillation shocks. Numerical solutions are obtained using an efficient semi-implicit predictor-corrector scheme that allows one to execute the simulations within reasonable time. The simulation results demonstrate that anode and/or cathode break excitations contribute significantly to the activity during and after the shock. For a successful defibrillation shock, the virtual electrodes and the break excitations restrict the spiral wave and render the tissue refractory so it cannot further maintain the reentry. The results also indicate that electroporation alters the anode/cathode break phenomena, the major impact being on the timing of the cathode-break excitations. Thus, electroporation results in different patterns of transmembrane potential distribution after the shock. This difference in patterns may or may not result in change of the outcome of the shock.
Sponsorship	IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
Page Count	9
File Size	364614
Starting Page	769
Ending Page	777
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189294
Volume Number	46
Issue Number	7
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1999-07-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Anodes Cathodes Defibrillation Electric shock Spirals Electrodes Myocardium Anisotropic magnetoresistance Extracellular Biomembranes
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering

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