NDLI: Suppression of propagating second harmonic in ultrasound contrast imaging

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Krishnan, S. Hamilton, J.D. O'Donnell, M.
Copyright Year	1986
Abstract	Contrast agents, such as bubbles, are used in ultrasound to enhance backscatter from blood. To increase contrast between these agents and tissue, nonlinear methods such as harmonic imaging can be used. Contrast is limited, however, by tissue second harmonic signals. We show that a major source of this signal is nonlinear propagation through tissue. In addition, we present methods to suppress this second harmonic generation. One simple approach is to decrease the f/number of the imaging system. Simulations show that doubling the size of the array, while keeping total power output constant, decreases propagating second harmonic generation. A second approach uses active noise cancellation to suppress second harmonic generation. A specific method, the harmonic cancellation system (HCS), is developed and presented as an example. In simulations, HCS decreased second harmonic generation by over 30 dB. Using such methods, contrast can be improved between tissue and bubbles in harmonic imaging.
Page Count	8
File Size	429659
Starting Page	704
Ending Page	711
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08853010
Volume Number	45
Issue Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1998-05-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Ultrasonic imaging Frequency conversion Transducers Noise cancellation Phased arrays Backscatter Ultrasonic variables measurement Signal restoration Blood flow Fluid flow measurement
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Acoustics and Ultrasonics Instrumentation Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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