NDLI: A 2.1-Channel Class-D Amplifier Exploited Coupling Virtual-Audio-Image to Enhance Stereo

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Lianxi Liu Shijie Deng Zhangming Zhu Yintang Yang
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	This brief presents a novel 2.1-channel stereoenhanced class-D audio amplifier to improve the quality of stereophonic sound in portable devices. By a way of cross coupling, the input audio signal from one channel can be amplified at the same time, with different gains in the two channels. The ratio of gains in the two channels can be adjusted by changing the resistance and then making the position of the virtual-audio-image change, which improves the stereo effect. The bass signals from different channels, which frequency range between 30 and 300 Hz, are superimposed and then amplified in the independent bass channel by using the Sallen-Key bandpass filter. A practical implementation in the SMIC 0.18-μm CMOS process has been done to validate the theoretical results. When a 200-mVPP sinusoidal signal at 1 kHz is applied in one channel and a dc signal applied in the other channel, the amplifier demonstrates a gain difference of -9.4 dB. The simulation and experiment results show that the amplifier can deliver 2.5 W × 2 into 4-Ω loads at 3.6-V supply in the left or right channel, with the total harmonic distortion plus noise (THD+N) of less than 0.1%. The gain in the bass channel is up to 30 dB at 3.6-V power supply, with the THD+N of about 0.05%.
Sponsorship	IEEE Circuits and Systems Society
Starting Page	324
Ending Page	328
Page Count	5
File Size	854133
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15497747
Volume Number	61
Issue Number	5
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Gain Couplings Pulse width modulation Resistance Noise Solid state circuits Linearity stereo enhancement Bass amplifier class-D amplifier cross couple ratio of gains
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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