NDLI: X’tal Cube PET Detector Composed of a Stack of Scintillator Plates Segmented by Laser Processing

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Inadama, N. Moriya, T. Hirano, Y. Nishikido, F. Murayama, H. Yoshida, E. Tashima, H. Nitta, M. Ito, H. Yamaya, T.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	We have developed a three-dimensional (3-D) position-sensitive radiation detector named X'tal cube, which can be applied to a PET detector. The X'tal cube is composed of a scintillation crystal block and multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs). The crystal block is segmented three-dimensionally into small cubes by optical discontinuity (3-D segmentation) and no reflector is inserted inside. Scintillation light originating in a segment then spreads three-dimensionally so that the MPPCs are set on all six surfaces of the crystal block to detect the light. Regarding the 3-D segmentation of the crystal block, we have already succeeded in getting the segmentation inside of a monolithic scintillator block by a laser processing technique instead of the general way, arranging small cubic scintillator elements into a 3-D array. We have confirmed that utilizing the laser processing technique not only eliminates the difficulty of handling the small scintillator elements but also improves detector performance. As a new trial, we considered fabrication of the crystal block by stacking the scintillator plates which were segmented two-dimensionally by the laser processing technique (2-D segmentation). Plates are also easier to handle and for the laser processing, 2-D segmentation is simpler than 3-D segmentation. In this study, we prepared the X'tal cube with the scintillator plates (Plate-XC) and evaluated its performance to confirm its technical feasibility. For the Plate-XC, we segmented 18 mm × 18 mm × 2.0 mm LYSO plates two-dimensionally by laser processing so as to make a 9 × 9 array of 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm segments. The crystal block was composed of 9 stacked LYSO plates without using coupling material but with air gaps. The Plate-XC showed sufficient crystal identification performance when 662 keV gamma-rays were irradiated. Furthermore, to understand the characteristics of the Plate-XC, we also analyzed the scintillation light distribution in the crystal block. Results indicated that light spread from outer segments was influenced by the segment boundary conditions, air gaps or laser-processed gaps, while the spread from the center segment did not seem to have such an influence. Regarding energy performance, we obtained around 10% energy resolution for the outer segments as well as for the center segment.
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD
Starting Page	53
Ending Page	59
Page Count	7
File Size	1349359
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189499
Volume Number	61
Issue Number	1
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Crystals Lasers Arrays Histograms Detectors Air gaps Positron emission tomography PET detector Depth of interaction (DOI) laser processing multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Development of a Dual-Sided Readout DOI-PET Module Using Large-Area Monolithic MPPC-Arrays

A Depth-Encoding PET Detector Inserting Glass Plate Between Crystal Layers

Preliminary evaluation of four-layer BGO DOI-detector for PET

Parameter Optimization of a Digital Photon Counter Coupled to a Four-Layered DOI Crystal Block With Light Sharing

Three-dimensional array of scintillation crystals with proper reflector arrangement for a depth of interaction detector

Development of a Multi-Pixel Photon Counter Module for Positron Emission Tomography

Time-of-Flight PET Detector Based on Multi-Pixel Photon Counter and Its Challenges

Characterization of a Small Animal PET Detector Block Incorporating a Digital Photon Counter Array

A Dual-Layer TOF-DOI Detector Block for Whole-Body PET

X’tal Cube PET Detector Composed of a Stack of Scintillator Plates Segmented by Laser Processing

Similar Documents

Development of a Dual-Sided Readout DOI-PET Module Using Large-Area Monolithic MPPC-Arrays

A Depth-Encoding PET Detector Inserting Glass Plate Between Crystal Layers

Preliminary evaluation of four-layer BGO DOI-detector for PET

Parameter Optimization of a Digital Photon Counter Coupled to a Four-Layered DOI Crystal Block With Light Sharing

Three-dimensional array of scintillation crystals with proper reflector arrangement for a depth of interaction detector

Development of a Multi-Pixel Photon Counter Module for Positron Emission Tomography

Time-of-Flight PET Detector Based on Multi-Pixel Photon Counter and Its Challenges

Characterization of a Small Animal PET Detector Block Incorporating a Digital Photon Counter Array

A Dual-Layer TOF-DOI Detector Block for Whole-Body PET

X’tal Cube PET Detector Composed of a Stack of Scintillator Plates Segmented by Laser Processing