NDLI: Foreground Object Detection Using Top-Down Information Based on EM Framework

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Liu, Z. Huang, K. Tan, T.
Copyright Year	1992
Abstract	In this paper, we present a novel foreground object detection scheme that integrates the top-down information based on the expectation maximization (EM) framework. In this generalized EM framework, the top-down information is incorporated in an object model. Based on the object model and the state of each target, a foreground model is constructed. This foreground model can augment the foreground detection for the camouflage problem. Thus, an object's state-specific Markov random field (MRF) model is constructed for detection based on the foreground model and the background model. This MRF model depends on the latent variables that describe each object's state. The maximization of the MRF model is the M-step in the EM framework. Besides fusing spatial information, this MRF model can also adjust the contribution of the top-down information for detection. To obtain detection result using this MRF model, sampling importance resampling is used to sample the latent variable and the EM framework refines the detection iteratively. Besides the proposed generalized EM framework, our method does not need any prior information of the moving object, because we use the detection result of moving object to incorporate the domain knowledge of the object shapes into the construction of top-down information. Moreover, in our method, a kernel density estimation (KDE)—Gaussian mixture model (GMM) hybrid model is proposed to construct the probability density function of background and moving object model. For the background model, it has some advantages over GMM- and KDE-based methods. Experimental results demonstrate the capability of our method, particularly in handling the camouflage problem.
Sponsorship	IEEE Signal Processing Society
Page Count	14
File Size	1864147
Starting Page	4204
Ending Page	4217
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10577149
Volume Number	21
Issue Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-09-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Merging Shape Object detection Kernel Image color analysis Color Equations Markov random fields (MRFs) Background model expectation maximization (EM) framework foreground detection
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Software

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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