NDLI: Construction and Evaluation of a Versatile <formula formulatype=inline><tex Notation=TeX>${hbox {CO}}_{2}$</tex></formula> Controlled Breath Collection Device

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Miekisch, W. Hengstenberg, A. Kischkel, S. Beckmann, U. Mieth, M. Schubert, J.K.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Breath gas analysis offers fascinating new opportunities as it is completely noninvasive and provides a unique window to various biochemical processes in the organism. Requirements for clinical application of this innovative technique include on site and point of care applicability. As most analytical methods like sensors are often not fast enough to realize breath-to-breath sampling additional effort is necessary to provide breath samples of well defined and reproducible composition. For that purpose, we built an automatic CO₂ controlled device from standard industrial components that enables adjustable breath sampling in any phase of expiration. Control of sampling was realized by fast responding infrared CO₂ sensors. The electrical signal of these sensors was used to trigger a micro pump and a valve. In order to render the device as versatile as possible direct coupling with sensors as well as continuous or discrete sampling via a sample loop or traps was possible. CO₂ concentrations, gas flow, and sample volumes were continuously recorded. Reliability and reproducibility of the device were evaluated and compared with an already established and validated manual sampling method. Alveolar concentrations of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined in the corresponding samples taken in rest and during treadmill exercise. Substance concentrations of breath biomarkers in the automatically and manually collected alveolar samples were identical. Reliable sampling was possible with the automatic device up to respiratory rates of 40/min. Controlled and versatile alveolar sampling represents an indispensable requirement of application of most analytical methods and sensor technology in breath analysis.
Sponsorship	IEEE Sensors Council
Starting Page	211
Ending Page	215
Page Count	5
File Size	973323
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1530437X
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	1
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Sampling methods Automatic control Biosensors Infrared sensors Biochemical analysis Organisms Industrial control Gas detectors Micropumps Valves volatile organic compound (VOC) Automated sampling device breath analysis breath biomarkers ${\hbox {CO}}_2$ triggered sampling
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Instrumentation Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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