NDLI: Preferred Transmission Frequency for Size-Constrained Ultralow-Power Short-Range CMOS Oscillator Transmitters

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Yates, D.C. Holmes, A.S.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	A method is presented for minimizing the power consumption of size-constrained oscillator transmitters by selecting the preferred carrier frequency from among the standard ISM bands. The method has been applied to CMOS oscillator transmitters in which a single-turn loop antenna doubles as the inductor in the frequency-defining LC tank. A detailed model of the transmitter circuit, including the antenna, is combined with standard assumptions about the link and receiver to determine the minimum transmitter bias current for successful demodulation as a function of antenna size and transmission frequency. From this, the optimal operating frequency in terms of transmitter power budget, and the minimum transmitter power consumption at that optimal frequency, are determined for a given antenna size constraint. Two common oscillator topologies are studied, both implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS: the Colpitts oscillator and the complimentary cross-coupled oscillator. A combination of the EKV and BSIM models is used for MOS transistor modelling, while a novel energy conservation method is used to determine the oscillator bias current as a function of transmit power. The results show that, with the correct choice of operating frequency, transmitter power budgets of the order of 10 muW should be achievable for very short-range (ca 1 m) radio links with data rates up to 1 Mb/s and antenna sizes down to several mm radius.
Sponsorship	IEEE Circuits and Systems Society
Starting Page	1173
Ending Page	1181
Page Count	9
File Size	468136
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15498328
Volume Number	56
Issue Number	6
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-06-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Frequency Oscillators Radio transmitters Transmitting antennas Semiconductor device modeling Energy consumption Receiving antennas Inductors Circuits Demodulation wireless transmitter LC oscillators loop antenna MOS transistor modelling oscillator transmitters ultralow power wireless health monitoring
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hardware and Architecture

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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