NDLI: Waveguide Interconnection in Silica-Based Planar Lightwave Circuit Using Femtosecond Laser

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Nasu, Y. Kohtoku, M. Hibino, Y. Inoue, Y.
Copyright Year	1983
Abstract	The interconnection of waveguides inside a silica-based planar lightwave circuit (PLC) is demonstrated both two- and three-dimensionally by using a femtosecond laser. The waveguides written with a femtosecond laser can be successfully connected to waveguides inside a PLC with low loss. Unlike previous work on the direct writing of 2-D and 3-D waveguides in bulk glass, the waveguide must be written a few tens of micrometers beneath the surface of a PLC composed of multilayers of different glasses. To realize a low-loss waveguide, we studied the sensitivity difference for femtosecond pulses in each layer in detail and developed a multiple-scanning technique with a femtosecond laser for writing waveguides. In addition, we investigated a mode-field (MF) diameter control technique to allow us to achieve the low-loss interconnection of PLC and written waveguides. We also studied particular problems caused by nonlinear optical effects, such as the positional displacement of written waveguides from the focal point. As a result, we achieved a low-loss waveguide with almost the same MF diameter as a PLC waveguide and performed the first demonstration of interconnection between PLC waveguides. The excess losses at 1550 nm were 1.4 and 2.3 dB for 2-D and 3-D interconnection, respectively.
Sponsorship	IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Optical Society of America
Starting Page	4033
Ending Page	4039
Page Count	7
File Size	1180076
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07338724
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	18
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-09-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Planar waveguides Integrated circuit interconnections Waveguide lasers Optical waveguides Ultrafast optics Programmable control Writing Glass Surface waves Optical surface waves waveguide writing Femtosecond laser glass materials/devise interconnection planar waveguides silica-based waveguides
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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