NDLI: The Use of Computational Patient Models to Assess the Risk of Developing Radiation-Induced Cancers From Radiation Therapy of the Primary Cancer

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Paganetti, H.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	Even with highly conformal treatment delivery techniques for radiation therapy, one cannot avoid the irradiation of healthy tissues surrounding the tumor. In treatment planning, absorbed dose constraints are defined for organs at risk visible in the patient's computed tomography scan in order to minimize side effects. However, scattered or secondary absorbed dose is also deposited in areas outside of the imaged volume. Although these doses are typically quite low (well below 1% of the therapeutic dose), there is the potential risk for patients to develop a radiation-induced second malignancy later in life. For a systematic analysis of scattered or secondary doses and their carcinogenic effects, accurate patient-specific organ dosimetry is necessary. Computational patient models are needed because low absorbed doses to organs away from the primarily irradiated target area cannot be measured easily. Monte Carlo simulations can incorporate the geometry and tissue properties of computational phantoms to simulate dose deposition events weighted with radiation weighting factors. Epidemiological models can then be applied to relate organ equivalent absorbed doses to cancer risks. This paper describes the use of computational phantoms in conjunction with Monte Carlo dose calculations and epidemiological risk models. We demonstrate how these simulations are applied with the purpose of estimating second cancer risks in radiation therapy and of improving existing epidemiological risk models.
Sponsorship	IEEE Publication
Starting Page	1977
Ending Page	1987
Page Count	11
File Size	2210766
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189219
Volume Number	97
Issue Number	12
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-12-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Cancer Computational modeling Biomedical applications of radiation Scattering Imaging phantoms Neoplasms Medical treatment Computed tomography Dosimetry Area measurement radiation effects Monte Carlo methods
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Science Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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