NDLI: Concurrent Segmentation and Estimation of Transmission Images for Attenuation Correction in Positron Emission Tomography

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Anderson, J.M.M. Yoon-Chul Kim Votaw, J.R.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	When transmission images are obtained using conventional reconstruction methods in stand alone PET scanners, such as standard clinical PET, microPET, and dedicated brain scanners, the results may be noisy and/or inaccurate. For example, the popular penalized maximum-likelihood method effectively reduces noise, but it does not address the bias problem that results from the incorporation of a penalty function and contamination from emission data due to patient activity. In this paper, we present an algorithm that simultaneously reconstructs transmission images and performs a ldquosoftrdquo segmentation of voxels into the classes: air, patient bed, lung, soft-tissue, and bone. It is through the segmentation step that the algorithm, which we refer to as the concurrent segmentation and estimation (CSE) algorithm, provides a means for incorporating accurate attenuation coefficients. The CSE algorithm is obtained by applying an expectation-maximization like formulation to a certain maximum a posterior objective function. This formulation enables us to show that the CSE algorithm monotonically increases the objective function. In experiments using real phantom and synthetic data, the CSE images produced attenuation correction factors and emission images that were more accurate than those obtained using a popular segmentation based attenuation correction method, and the penalized maximum likelihood and filtered backprojection methods.
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD
Starting Page	136
Ending Page	146
Page Count	11
File Size	645430
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189499
Volume Number	56
Issue Number	1
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-02-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Image segmentation Attenuation Positron emission tomography Maximum likelihood estimation Reconstruction algorithms Noise reduction Contamination Image reconstruction Lungs Bones segmentation Expectation maximization (EM) algorithm image reconstruction penalized maximum likelihood (PML) method positron emission tomography (PET)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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