NDLI: The Detection of Chemical Vapors in Air Using Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Pulsed Microdischarges From Two- and Three- Electrode Microstructures

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Mitra, B. Gianchandani, Y.B.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Emission spectroscopy of plasma-excited chemical species is widely used for generalized chemical analyses in bench-top systems. This paper explores the use of pulsed microdischarges between two and three electrode microstructures, which operate in air at atmospheric pressure, for use in handheld chemical analyzers. Pulsed microdischarges are fired between two-electrodes spaced apart by 0.2-2 mm. Synchronized optical sampling and time resolved spectroscopy are performed to capture the emission spectra from the microdischarge and its afterglow. The discharge spectra in air consist mainly of wide-band background spectra and line spectra from the nitrogen, and water vapor in air. The detection of vapors in air is limited by the relative strengths of representative lines compared to background spectra rather than by their absolute strength. The separate temporal characteristics of the line and background spectra present opportunities to improve detection. This concept is evaluated using isopropyl alcohol vapors (100 ppm) for which lines corresponding to CH fragments are detected with a handheld spectrometer despite the presence of air spectra. This paper also introduces a three-electrode (flashFET) configuration, which further reduces power consumption and electrode wear. Occupying an active area < 1 mm², it employs a strategically located high-impedance gate electrode that permits the use of pulses < 100 V between the source and drain. The device consumes only 2.5 muJ/pulse at 140 Torr and 22.5 muJ/pulse at atmosphere, as compared to 470 muJ/pulse for two-electrode discharges. The operation of the flashFET as a gas sensor is evaluated using acetone vapors in air ambient. A response curve is obtained by measuring the 388.1 nm emission from acetone fragments for acetone concentrations ranging from 50 to 1000 ppm.
Sponsorship	IEEE Sensors Council
Starting Page	1445
Ending Page	1454
Page Count	10
File Size	1422642
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1530437X
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	8
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-08-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Stimulated emission Spectroscopy Pulsed laser deposition Optical pulses Electrodes Microstructure Chemical analysis Atmospheric-pressure plasmas Plasma chemistry Optical sensors microsystems Chemical sensing microdischarges microsensors
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Instrumentation Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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