NDLI: A micromachined 2 /spl times/ 2 optical switch aligned with bevel-ended fibers for low return loss

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ho Nam Kwon Jong-Hyun Lee
Copyright Year	1992
Abstract	This paper presents the design and optical performance characteristics of a micromachined 2 /spl times/ 2 optical switch with low return loss for an optical add-drop application. The switch is equipped with four optical fibers beveled at 8/spl deg/. An intentional lateral offset was introduced to align the refracted light at the input fiber-air interface with output fibers. A micromirror was actuated into the optical path by an electrostatic comb actuator to change the direction of the input optical signal. The optical switch was fabricated using silicon deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers. Optical performance measurements of the fabricated optical switch revealed that the time dependent loss (TDL), polarization dependent loss (PDL), and wavelength dependent loss (WDL) were -0.04 dB, -0.05 dB and -0.71 dB, respectively. The switching time was within 5 ms for a 24-V electrical step signal. Because the beveled ends of the optical fibers kept the propagated light from reflecting backward into the input fiber, the return losses were just -43 dB. This return loss was used to theoretically analyze a model of the beveled end by considering backscattering due to the surface roughness, which thereby was determined to be about 41 nm.
Sponsorship	IEEE Electron Devices Society American Society of Mechanical Engineering (ASME)
Starting Page	258
Ending Page	263
Page Count	6
File Size	425425
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10577157
Volume Number	13
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2004-04-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Optical switches Optical fiber losses Optical refraction Optical fibers Optical fiber polarization Optical losses Particle beam optics Optical design Performance loss Micromirrors
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Mechanical Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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