NDLI: Analysis of the SAR imaging process of the ocean surface using Volterra models

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Le Caillec, J.-M. Garello, R. Chapron, B.
Copyright Year	1976
Abstract	The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) process of the ocean surface mapping is studied using a decomposition based on a Volterra model. By a mathematical expansion of the complex exponential of the complete SAR transform, these models decompose the nonlinear distortion mechanisms of the SAR spectrum over different spectra of polynomial interactions. Thus, they offer an alternative modeling (to the exact SAR transform) giving a theoretical separation between the SAR Fourier components linearly derived from the sea surface elevation and the artifacts created by nonlinearities of the SAR mapping of the ocean surface. The paper gives a systematic assessment of such an approximation of the ocean surface SAR imaging process. Higher order statistics (HOS) of the SAR transform and their calculus and implementation are presented. In fact, nonlinearity detection, location (in the Fourier domain) and quantification can only be performed by HOS, reduced to a second-order Volterra model. The Volterra expansion of the SAR imaging process opens new theoretical inversion schemes since under certain conditions on the linear part, Volterra models are easily invertible. Our method is first tested on simulated SAR images in order to validate the HOS tools. We then show results of this nonlinearity analysis performed on images from the ERS-1 satellite and we present cases of nonlinearity detection.
Sponsorship	IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society
Starting Page	675
Ending Page	699
Page Count	25
File Size	735568
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03649059
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2002-07-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Image analysis Radar polarimetry Oceans Sea surface Synthetic aperture radar Mathematical model Nonlinear distortion Polynomials Fourier transforms Higher order statistics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ocean Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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