NDLI: Doppler Frequency Estimation in GNSS Receivers Based on Double FFT

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Linty, N. Lo Presti, L.
Copyright Year	1967
Description	This paper presents an innovative Doppler frequency estimation technique, which is particularly suited for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers operating in vehicular scenarios. Mass-market and commercial navigation devices are being increasingly exploited for in-car navigation and for vehicular applications based on positioning. However, the low computational burden that can be afforded by such devices requires the implementation of low-complexity algorithms, allowing real-time and on-demand processing. This is the case, for instance, for open-loop architectures and of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE)-based techniques, which estimate the frequency component of the GNSS signal through a discrete Fourier transform. A state of the art of such methods is first carried out, outlining their benefits, regarding robustness and stability, and their limitations, mainly concerning the accuracy. Successively, an innovative refinement technique is introduced, based on the computation of a frequency correction term. Further enhancements are then proposed to solve particular issues, such as the estimation of the sign of the correction term and the impact of the initial frequency error. In particular, zero forcing and a double fast Fourier transform (FFT), which represent the main contribution of this paper, are proposed to increase the accuracy without increasing the computational load. A complete analytical derivation and theoretical description is provided, along with a detailed performance assessment. Finally, a performance comparison with existing techniques and with the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) for frequency estimation is given, confirming the excellent behavior of the proposed algorithm for the signal conditions and strengths that are typical of a vehicular scenario and in the presence of frequent interruptions.
Sponsorship	IEEE Vehicular Technology Society
Starting Page	509
Ending Page	524
Page Count	16
File Size	1284437
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189545
Volume Number	65
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2016-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Frequency estimation Receivers Global Positioning System Noise Doppler effect Correlation Accuracy Doppler estimation mass-market receivers GNSS
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Applied Mathematics Automotive Engineering Computer Networks and Communications Electrical and Electronic Engineering Aerospace Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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