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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | Pfalz, Jeannette Pfannschmidt, Thomas |
| Abstract | Understanding the evolutionary establishment of plastids within eukaryotic cells and the prin-ciples that governed the process of endosymbiosis is a major research field in plant sciences since three decades. Determination of the primary DNA sequence of the plastome from many plants and algae represented a milestone in this field making it possible to deduce evolutionary lineages by performing bioinformatic approaches. These improved much our understanding of endosymbiosis, the evolution of plastids and the reshaping of the eukaryotic host genome which was caused by the massive horizontal gene transfer from the ancient cyanobacterial progenitor towards the host nucleus. Astonishingly, much less is known about the current structure and organisation of plastid DNA and its association with different kinds of proteins being involved in its stabilisation, replication and expression. Like in bacteria the DNA in plant and algae plastids appears to be organised in nucleoids that can be easily visualised by fluorescence microscopy using DNA-specific dyes. This approach identifies nucleoids as dots with distinct shape being located close to thylakoids or envelope membrane depending on the developmental stage of the plastid. However, at the molecular level nucleoids represent a less well defined structure as they were found to be a highly dynamic protein/DNA/RNA structure. Especially its protein subunit composition is highly variable depending on developmental stage of the plastid a... |
| ISSN | 1664462X |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpls.2015.00220 |
| Volume Number | 6 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2015-04-08 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Nucleoids Plastids Replication Transcription, Genetic Post-transcriptional regulation Endosymbiosis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Plant Science |
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