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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | Brint, Elizabeth Kamradt, Thomas Doyle, Sarah L. |
| Abstract | The inflammatory functions of these cytokines have been well defined for the long established family members but, in the case of some of the newer members such as IL-36, IL-37 and IL-38, their physiological roles are still being elucidated. For the pro-inflammatory cytokines, their primary functions involve activating signalling cascades and mediating the inflammatory response to a wide variety of signals, thereby co-ordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. To achieve this, the IL-1 family cytokine binds to its cognate receptor which, in the case of all family members, then causes recruitment of a specific accessory receptor. This interaction then allows for recruitment of the signalling adaptor protein MyD88, the common adaptor to all family members. MyD88 engagement to the receptor complex subsequently results in the activation of the downstream kinases, the IRAK family of proteins. Ultimately, through recruitment and activation of additional signalling intermediates, key transcription factors, such as AP-1 and NFB, become activated translocate to the nucleus and result in transcription of a myriad of immune and inflammatory genes. The importance of these protein:protein interactions and this pathway has long been understood to hold the key to regulation of inflammation by IL-1 family members.As is well known, however "with great power comes great responsibility". Therefore, given the ability of IL-1 family members to so potently drive and upregulate the inflamm... |
| ISSN | 16643224 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02596 |
| Volume Number | 10 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2019-11-13 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Interleukin IL-33 Inflammation Disease IL-1 IL-18 |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Immunology and Allergy Immunology |
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