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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | Di Guardo, Giovanni Criscitiello, Michael Frederick Sierra, Eva Mazzariol, Sandro |
| Abstract | Marine mammals rank among the most charismatic creatures inhabiting our planet. Yet despite their long evolutionary history, we have a limited knowledge of their biology, ecology and behaviour, including their morpho-functional adaptations to sea life. This is also frustrating for translational studies, as Gas and Fat Embolic Syndrome, a pathologic condition of Ziphiidae (deep-diving cetaceans), mimics Decompression Sickness (DCS) in human divers (Fernández et al., 2005). Indeed, the development of a DCS-like condition in animals living exclusively in a marine environment for such a long evolutionary history was totally unpredictable!Marine mammals, comprising cetaceans, pinnipeds, manatees, sea otters and polar bears, are all included in the “IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) Red List”, being increasingly threatened worldwide by several anthropogenic and natural factors, often acting synergistically with each other, as in the case of infectious agents and immunotoxic environmental pollutants (Van Bressem et al., 2009), high levels of which may be found in tissues from stranded cetaceans, especially dolphins, given their recognized role of “apex predators” (Fossi et al., 2007). Despite the increased efforts made by the scientific community, a considerable knowledge gap still exists on many aspects of marine mammals’ biology. This is especially true regarding their immune response(s) at both individual and population levels, an absolute prerequisite ... |
| ISSN | 16643224 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02300 |
| Volume Number | 10 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2019-10-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Innate immunity Immunotoxic contaminants Marine mammals Host-pathogen interaction Cetaceans Pinnipeds Acquired Immunity Comparative immunology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Immunology and Allergy Immunology |
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