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Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (Anti-freezing Agents) in Decorative Water-based Paints Marketed in Nigeria.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Idayat Apanpa-Qasim, Ajoke F. Adeyi, Adebola A. |
| Copyright Year | 2018 |
| Abstract | Background.Consumer products such as paints are a potentially significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and oxygenated VOCs. Paints for construction and household use have been rapidly changing from oil-based to water-based paints and are one of the commonly identified sources of oxygenated VOCs in indoor environments.Objectives.Four different anti-freezing agents were identified and analyzed in 174 waterbased paint samples, purchased from popular paint markets in two metropolitan cities in Nigeria, Lagos and Ibadan.Methods.Paint samples were solvent extracted using acetonitrile and milli-Q water. Antifreezing agents in the extracts were identified and quantified using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry and a GC-flame ionization detector, respectively.Discussion.Four different anti-freezing agents were identified in the samples, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and propylene glycol. Their levels ranged from 1,000-1,980 ppm, diethylene glycol; 1,000–3,900 ppm, triethylene glycol; 1,090–2,510 ppm, propylene glycol and 1,350–2,710 ppm, ethylene glycol. Levels of anti-freezing agents in all of the paint samples were above the permissible limits of the European Union for VOCs in paints of 500 ppm. Results of multivariate statistical analyses clearly showed that triethylene glycol was the most commonly used anti-freezing agent in paints despite its numerous harmful health effects.Conclusions.We concluded that water-based paints marketed in Nigeria contain high concentrations of anti-freezing agents, which have harmful environmental and human health effects, especially to sensitive individuals such as children.Competing Interests.The authors declare no competing financial interests. |
| Related Links | https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC6239063&blobtype=pdf |
| Page Count | 13 |
| Journal | Journal of Health & Pollution [J Health Pollut] |
| Volume Number | 8 |
| DOI | 10.5696/2156-9614-8.18.180606 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC6239063 |
| Issue Number | 18 |
| PubMed reference number | 30524855 |
| e-ISSN | 21569614 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Black Smith Institute |
| Publisher Date | 2018-06-11 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). © Pure Earth 2018 |
| Subject Keyword | water-based paints anti-freezing agents human exposure glycols volatile organic compounds |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Pollution Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis |
