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Confocal laser scanning microscopy to estimate nanoparticles' human skin penetration in vitro.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Zou, Ying Celli, Anna Zhu, Hanjiang Elmahdy, Akram Cao, Yachao Hui, Xiaoying Maibach, Howard |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | ObjectiveWith rapid development of nanotechnology, there is increasing interest in nanoparticle (NP) application and its safety and efficacy on human skin. In this study, we utilized confocal laser scanning microscopy to estimate NP skin penetration.MethodsThree different-sized polystyrene NPs marked with red fluorescence were applied to human skin, and Calcium Green 5N was used as a counterstain. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol were used as alternative vehicles for NPs. Tape stripping was utilized as a barrier-damaged skin model. Skin biopsies dosed with NPs were incubated at 4°C or 37°C for 24 hours and imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy.ResultsNPs were localized in the stratum corneum (SC) and hair follicles without penetrating the epidermis/dermis. Barrier alteration with tape stripping and change in incubation temperature did not induce deeper penetration. DMSO enhanced NP SC penetration but ethanol did not.ConclusionExcept with DMSO vehicle, these hydrolyzed polystyrene NPs did not penetrate intact or barrier-damaged human “viable” epidermis. For further clinical relevance, in vivo human skin studies and more sensitive analytic chemical methodology are suggested. |
| ISSN | 11769114 |
| Journal | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| Volume Number | 12 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC5673047 |
| PubMed reference number | 29184403 |
| e-ISSN | 11782013 |
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s139139 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| Publisher Date | 2017-10-31 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. © 2017 Zou et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited |
| Subject Keyword | nanoparticles skin penetration stratum corneum confocal laser scanning microscopy tape stripping |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Organic Chemistry Drug Discovery Medicine Biomaterials Biophysics Bioengineering Pharmaceutical Science |
