Loading...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Similar Documents
Spindle assembly checkpoint activation and silencing at kinetochores.
| Content Provider | eScholarship Repository: University of California |
|---|---|
| Author | Lara-Gonzalez, Pablo Pines, Jonathon Desai, Arshad |
| Abstract | The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a surveillance mechanism that promotes accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis. The checkpoint senses the attachment state of kinetochores, the proteinaceous structures that assemble onto chromosomes in mitosis in order to mediate their interaction with spindle microtubules. When unattached, kinetochores generate a diffusible inhibitor that blocks the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), an E3 ubiquitin ligase required for sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Work from the past decade has greatly illuminated our understanding of the mechanisms by which the diffusible inhibitor is assembled and how it inhibits the APC/C. However, less is understood about how SAC proteins are recruited to kinetochores in the absence of microtubule attachment, how the kinetochore catalyzes formation of the diffusible inhibitor, and how attachments silence the SAC at the kinetochore. Here, we summarize current understanding of the mechanisms that activate and silence the SAC at kinetochores and highlight open questions for future investigation. |
| File Format | |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.009 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70c3m48j |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2021-09-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| Subject Keyword | Kinetochores Humans Spindle Apparatus Aneuploidy Catalysis Checkpoint Chromosome segregation Mitosis Genetics 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning Underpinning research Spindle assembly Microtubules Chromosome architecture Chromosome biorientation Kinetochore Biochemistry and Cell Biology Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine Developmental Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
