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| Content Provider | The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Digital Collection |
|---|---|
| Author | Hayashi, Yoshikazu Yip, Gordon Kim, Yoon Jo Kim, Jong-Hoon |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | Galinstan is a eutectic alloy of gallium, indium, and tin, of which thermal conductivity is ∼27 times higher than that of water, while the dynamic viscosity is only twice. Thus, heat transfer coefficient can be remarkably enhanced with a small penalty of pumping power. However, the direct use of galinstan can suffer from practical issues such as oxidation and low specific heat. Therefore, galinstan is mixed with a coolant as an additive to form a colloidal fluid; i.e., dispersion of nanoscale galinstan droplets in a coolant to enhance the thermal conductivity. It is expected that this “metallic nanoemulsion” can contribute to substantial improvement in heat transfer capability. Also, the common issues with colloidal fluids such as rapid sedimentation, erosion, and clogging, can be minimized by the “fluidity” of the liquid metal. It was shown that ultrasonic emulsification can yield few hundreds scale nanodroplets. However, the long exposure of galinstan to oxygen in water inevitably results in severe oxidation of the droplets. Theoretical analysis was also conducted to examine the feasibility of the metallic nanoemulsion as a microchannel heat-sink working fluid. Effective medium theory was used to evaluate the thermal conductivity of the mixture. The viscosity change was also predicted considering both the viscosity of dispersed phase and interaction between the droplets. Under one-dimensional laminar flow assumption, mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations were analytically solved. The effect of high thermal conductivity of galinstan was evident; the convection heat transfer capability was greatly enhanced, while the viscosity increase due to the nanoscale blending and the low specific heat of galinstan counteracts and reduce the flow rate and thus increase the caloric thermal resistance. |
| Sponsorship | Fluids Engineering Division |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9780791850343 |
| DOI | 10.1115/ICNMM2016-8010 |
| Volume Number | ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels |
| Conference Proceedings | ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2016-07-10 |
| Publisher Place | Washington, DC, USA |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Viscosity Water Gallium Nanoscale phenomena Liquid metals Theoretical analysis Convection Microchannels Specific heat Fluids Thermal resistance Energy conservation Thermal conductivity Coolants Oxidation Eutectic alloys Heat sinks Erosion Oxygen Momentum Flow (dynamics) Sedimentation Laminar flow Drops Heat transfer coefficients Heat transfer |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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