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| Content Provider | ACM Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Paul, Sinu Piontkivska, Helen |
| Abstract | Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1), one of the fastest evolving organisms, is a leading cause of death in the world today. But regardless of isolated stories about HIV cure in one patient and a modest success in a clinical vaccine trial, a perfect vaccine that can give total protection or a drug for a complete cure still remains intangible. Epitope vaccines have been suggested as a strategy to counteract viral escape and development of drug resistance. Multiple studies have shown that Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte (CTL) and T-Helper (Th) epitopes can generate strong immune responses in HIV-1. However, not much is known about the relationship among different types of HIV-1 epitopes, particularly those epitopes that can be considered potential candidates for inclusion in the multi-epitope vaccines. In this study we used association rule mining to examine relationship between different types of epitopes (CTL, Th and Antibody epitopes) from nine protein-coding HIV-1 genes. Our results identified 137 association rules that were consistently present in the majority of reference and non-reference HIV-1 genomes from worldwide HIV-1 population and included epitopes of two different types (CTL and Th) from three different genes (Gag, Pol and Nef). These epitope association rules involved 14 non-overlapping epitope regions that frequently co-occurred despite high mutation and recombination rates of HIV-1, including genomes of circulating recombinant forms. These epitope regions were also highly conserved at both the amino acid and nucleotide levels indicating strong purifying selection driven by functional and/or structural constraints and hence, the diminished likelihood of successful escape mutations. Thus, these associated epitopes should be considered as potent candidates for inclusion in multi-epitope vaccines. |
| Starting Page | 648 |
| Ending Page | 648 |
| Page Count | 1 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9781450304382 |
| DOI | 10.1145/1854776.1854899 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) |
| Publisher Date | 2010-08-02 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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