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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Schuit, Frans Parton, Laura E. Kaminen-Ahola, Nina Otonkoski, Timo Meissner, Thomas Rutter, Guy A. Jiao, Hong Ullah, Mohammed S. Tapia-Paez, Isabel Quintens, Roel Mayatepek, Ertan Sipilä, Ilkka Halestrap, Andrew P. Kere, Juha |
| Description | Country affiliation: Finland Author Affiliation: Otonkoski T ( Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. timo.otonkoski@helsinki.fi) |
| Abstract | Exercise-induced hyperinsulinism (EIHI) is a dominantly inherited hypoglycemic disorder characterized by inappropriate insulin secretion during anaerobic exercise or on pyruvate load. We aimed to identify the molecular basis of this novel disorder of beta -cell regulation. EIHI mapped to chromosome 1 (LOD score 3.6) in a genome scan performed for two families with 10 EIHI-affected patients. Mutational analysis of the promoter of the SLC16A1 gene, which encodes monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), located under the linkage peak, revealed changes in all 13 identified patients with EIHI. Patient fibroblasts displayed abnormally high SLC16A1 transcript levels, although monocarboxylate transport activities were not changed in these cells, reflecting additional posttranscriptional control of MCT1 levels in extrapancreatic tissues. By contrast, when examined in beta cells, either of two SLC16A1 mutations identified in separate pedigrees resulted in increased protein binding to the corresponding promoter elements and marked (3- or 10-fold) transcriptional stimulation of SLC16A1 promoter-reporter constructs. These studies show that promoter-activating mutations in EIHI induce SLC16A1 expression in beta cells, where this gene is not usually transcribed, permitting pyruvate uptake and pyruvate-stimulated insulin release despite ensuing hypoglycemia. These findings describe a novel disease mechanism based on the failure of cell-specific transcriptional silencing of a gene that is highly expressed in other tissues. |
| ISSN | 00029297 |
| e-ISSN | 15376605 |
| Journal | The American Journal of Human Genetics |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Volume Number | 81 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Cell Press (on behalf of American Society of Human Genetics) |
| Publisher Date | 2007-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Gene Silencing Hypoglycemia Genetics Insulin-secreting Cells Metabolism Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters Symporters Animals Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay Mice Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Pedigree Promoter Regions, Genetic Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Human Genetics |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Genetics Genetics (clinical) |
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