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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Clark, Sean Shamahirband, Shahaboddin Anuar, Nor Badrul Mohd Shuib, Nor Liyana Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali Gani, Abdullah Khoshnevisan, Benyamin |
| Spatial Coverage | Iran |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Khoshnevisan B ( Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Electronic address: b_khoshnevisan@ut.ac.ir.); Rajaeifar MA ( Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.); Clark S ( Agriculture and Natural Resources Program, Berea College, Berea, KY, USA.); Shamahirband S ( Department of Computer Science, Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch, P.O. Box 46615-397, Chalous, Iran.); Anuar NB ( Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.); Mohd Shuib NL ( Department of Information System, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.); Gani A ( Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.) |
| Abstract | In this study the environmental impact of consolidated rice farms (CF) - farms which have been integrated to increase the mechanization index - and traditional farms (TF) - small farms with lower mechanization index - in Guilan Province, Iran, were evaluated and compared using Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Foreground data were collected from farmers using face-to-face questionnaires and background information about production process and inventory data was taken from the EcoInvent®2.0 database. The system boundary was confined to within the farm gate (cradle to farm gate) and two functional units (land and mass based) were chosen. The study also included a comparison of the input-output energy flows of the farms. The results revealed that the average amount of energy consumed by the CFs was 57 GJ compared to 74.2 GJ for the TFs. The energy ratios for CFs and TFs were 1.6 and 0.9, respectively. The LCA results indicated that CFs produced fewer environmental burdens per ton of produced rice. When compared according to the land-based FU the same results were obtained. This indicates that the differences between the two types of farms were not caused by a difference in their production level, but rather by improved management on the CFs. The analysis also showed that electricity accounted for the greatest share of the impact for both types of farms, followed by P-based and N-based chemical fertilizers. These findings suggest that the CFs had superior overall environmental performance compared to the TFs in the study area. The performance metrics of the model based on ANFIS show that it can be used to predict the environmental burdens of rice production with high accuracy and minimal error. |
| ISSN | 00489697 |
| Volume Number | 481 |
| e-ISSN | 18791026 |
| Journal | Science of The Total Environment |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2014-05-15 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Agriculture Methods Conservation Of Natural Resources Environmental Monitoring Models, Statistical Oryza Sativa Environment Fuzzy Logic Iran Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Environmental Science |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal Pollution Environmental Engineering |
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