NDLI: The assessment of water use and reuse through reported data: A US case study.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Nies, Loring F. Jafvert, Chad T. Wiener, Maria J.
Spatial Coverage	United States
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Wiener MJ ( Purdue University, Lyles School of Civil Engineering and Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.); Jafvert CT ( Purdue University, Lyles School of Civil Engineering and Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.); Nies LF ( Purdue University, Lyles School of Civil Engineering and Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States. Electronic address: nies@purdue.edu.)
Abstract	Increasing demands for freshwater make it necessary to find innovative ways to extend the life of our water resources, and to manage them in a sustainable way. Indirect water reuse plays a role in meeting freshwater demands but there is limited documentation of it. There is a need to analyze its current status for water resources planning and conservation, and for understanding how it potentially impacts human health. However, the fact that data are archived in discrete uncoordinated databases by different state and federal entities, limits the capacity to complete holistic analysis of critical resources at large watershed scales. Humans alter the water cycle for food production, manufacturing, energy production, provision of potable water and recreation. Ecosystems services are affected at watershed scales but there are also global scale impacts from greenhouse gas emissions enabled by access to cooling, processing and irrigation water. To better document these issues and to demonstrate the utility of such an analysis, we studied the Wabash River Watershed located in the U.S. Midwest. Data for water extraction, use, discharge, and river flow were collected, curated and reorganized in order to characterize the water use and reuse within the basin. Indirect water reuse was estimated by comparing treated wastewater discharges with stream flows at selected points within the watershed. Results show that during the low flow months of July-October, wastewater discharges into the Wabash River basin contributed 82 to 121% of the stream flow, demonstrating that the level of water use and unplanned reuse is significant. These results suggest that intentional water reuse for consumptive purposes such as landscape or agricultural irrigation could have substantial ecological impacts by diminishing stream flow during vulnerable low flow periods.
ISSN	00489697
Volume Number	539
e-ISSN	18791026
Journal	Science of The Total Environment
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2016-01-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Conservation Of Natural Resources Methods Water Resources Supply & Distribution Water Supply Statistics & Numerical Data United States Waste Disposal, Fluid Waste Water Water Purification Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Environmental Science
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal Pollution Environmental Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in