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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Bialk-Bielinska, Anna Borecka, Marta Stepnowski, Piotr Pazdro, Ksenia Halinski, Lukasz P. Stolte, Stefan |
| Description | Country affiliation: Poland Author Affiliation: Borecka M ( Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.); Bialk-Bielinska A ( Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland. Electronic address: a.bialk-bielinska@ug.edu.pl.); Halinski LP ( Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.); Pazdro K ( Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstanców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland.); Stepnowski P ( Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.); Stolte S ( Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland) |
| Abstract | This paper presents the investigation of the influence of salinity variations on the toxicity of sulfapyridine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine and trimethoprim towards the green algae Chlorella vulgaris after exposure times of 48 and 72 h. In freshwater the EC50 values ranged from 0.98 to 123.22 mg L(-1) depending on the compound. The obtained results revealed that sulfamethoxazole and sulfapyridine were the most toxic, while trimethoprim was the least toxic pharmaceutical to the selected organism. Deviations between the nominal and real test concentrations were determined via instrumental analysis to support the interpretation of ecotoxicological data. The toxicity effects were also tested in saline water (3, 6 and 9 PSU). The tendency that the toxicity of selected pharmaceuticals decreases with increasing salinity was observed. Higher salinity implies an elevated concentration of inorganic monovalent cations that are capable of binding with countercharges available on algal surfaces (hydroxyl functional groups). Hence it can reduce the permeability of pharmaceuticals through the algal cell walls, which could be the probable reason for the observed effect. Moreover, for the classification of the mode of toxic action, the toxic ratio concept was applied, which indicated that the effects of the investigated drugs towards algae are caused by the specific mode of toxic action. |
| ISSN | 03043894 |
| Journal | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| Volume Number | 308 |
| e-ISSN | 18733336 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2016-05-05 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Environmental Science Discipline Environmental Chemistry |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Environmental Engineering |
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