NDLI: Fas ligand-Fas signaling participates in light-induced apoptotic death in photoreceptor cells.

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Fas ligand-Fas signaling participates in light-induced apoptotic death in photoreceptor cells.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Peter, Marcus E. Chang, Qing Grassi, Michael A.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Chang Q ( Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.)
Abstract	PURPOSE: We investigated the function of Fas in photoreceptors. METHODS: Postmortem human eyes and mouse-derived photoreceptor cells (661W) were examined for Fas expression by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. 661W cells were treated with FasL or Fas agonistic antibody, or exposed to light with/without pharmacological manipulation of Fas signaling, followed by apoptosis detection by TUNEL, immunofluorescence and fluorescence activated cell scanning (FACS). Fractionated cellular extracts were used to detect protein expression or protein phosphorylation after immunoprecipitation by Western blot. RESULTS: Fas was expressed in the photoreceptor layer of human retina. Fas and a cleaved form of FasL were found on the cell surface of 661W cells. Treatment with FasL or Fas agonistic antibody induced apoptosis in 661W cells. Blocking the activity of FasL or administration of caspase-8 inhibitor z-IETD inhibited light-induced apoptosis. However, it simultaneously caused induction of necroptosis, which could be blocked by the receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) inhibitor, necrostatin-1. Light exposure in the presence of z-IETD caused hyper-phosphorylation of RIP1. Light exposure did not elevate the expression of Fas, FasL, or the Fas-associated death domain adaptor protein (FADD). Cells or conditioned medium after light exposure induced apoptosis in dark-adapted cells, which could be attenuated by blockade of Fas. CONCLUSIONS: Fas has a pro-apoptotic role in photoreceptors. Under light stress, soluble and membrane-bound FasL can bind to Fas, inducing apoptosis via a paracrine mechanism. Although blocking Fas signaling inhibits apoptosis, it does not improve the overall photoreceptor survival due to a compensatory activation of necroptosis. Hence, prevention of photoreceptor loss from retinal photo-oxidative stress should target Fas and RIP1.
ISSN	01460404
e-ISSN	15525783
DOI	10.1167/iovs.11-8928
Journal	Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
Issue Number	7
Volume Number	53
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Publisher Date	2012-06-20
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Antigens, Cd95 Physiology Apoptosis Fas Ligand Protein Metabolism Adverse Effects Photoreceptor Cells Drug Effects Animals Blotting, Western Caspase Inhibitors Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors Pharmacology Imidazoles Immunoprecipitation In Situ Nick-end Labeling Indoles Mice Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Ophthalmology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ophthalmology Sensory Systems Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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