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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Tanabe, Shinsuke Isobe, Tomohiko Ogawa, Shohei P. Sudaryanto, Agus Ramu, Karri |
| Spatial Coverage | Asia, Southeastern |
| Description | Country affiliation: Japan Author Affiliation: Isobe T ( Senior Research Fellow Center, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan. t.isobe@agr.ehime-u.ac.jp) |
| Abstract | Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) used as alternatives for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are also persistent in the environment as PBDEs. Limited information on these non-PBDE brominated flame retardants (BFRs) is available; in particular, there are only few publications on environmental pollution by these contaminants in the coastal waters of Asia. In this regard, we investigated the contamination status of HBCDs, BTBPE, and DBDPE in the coastal waters of Asia using mussels as a bioindicator. Concentrations of HBCDs, BTBPE, and DBDPE were determined in green (Perna viridis) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) collected from the coastal areas in Cambodia, China (mainland), SAR China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam on 2003-2008. BTBPE and DBDPE were analyzed using GC-MS, whereas HBCDs were determined by LC-MS/MS. HBCDs, BTBPE, and DBDPE were found in mussels at levels ranging from <0.01 to 1,400, <0.1 to 13, and <0.3 to 22 ng/g lipid wt, respectively. Among the three HBCD diastereoisomers, -HBCD was the dominant isomer followed by γ- and ß-HBCDs. Concentrations of HBCDs and DBDPE in mussels from Japan and Korea were higher compared to those from the other Asian countries, indicating extensive usage of these non-PBDE BFRs in Japan and Korea. Higher levels of HBCDs and DBDPE than PBDEs were detected in some mussel samples from Japan. The results suggest that environmental pollution by non-PBDE BFRs, especially HBCDs in Japan, is ubiquitous. This study provides baseline information on the contamination status of these non-PBDE BFRs in the coastal waters of Asia. |
| ISSN | 09441344 |
| Issue Number | 8 |
| Volume Number | 19 |
| e-ISSN | 16147499 |
| Journal | Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer |
| Publisher Date | 2012-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | Germany |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Bivalvia Chemistry Flame Retardants Analysis Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers Seawater Water Pollutants, Chemical Animals Asia, Southeastern Bromobenzenes Chromatography, Liquid Environmental Monitoring Methods Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Hydrocarbons, Brominated Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Environmental Science Discipline Environmental Chemistry |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine |
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