| Content Provider |
World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
| Author |
Pagano, S. Meric Oehmen, A. Vogelsang, C. Skrbic, B. Emre, Z. Tsagarakis, K. P. Dvarioniene, J. Martinez-Lopez, E. Helmreich, B. Papa, M. Molinos, M. Carballa, M. Mascolo, G. Schröder, P. Langenhoff, A. Pastore, C. Huber, C. |
| Description |
Country affiliation: Germany Author Affiliation: Schröder P ( Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions (EGEN), German Research Center for Health and Environment GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. peter.schroeder@helmholtz-muenchen.de.); Helmreich B ( Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.); Skrbic B ( Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.); Carballa M ( Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.); Papa M ( Department of Civil Environmental Architectural Engineering & Mathematics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.); Pastore C ( CNR-Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Bari, Italy.); Emre Z ( Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, Ankara, Turkey.); Oehmen A ( Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal.); Langenhoff A ( Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University of Agrotechnology & Food Sciences, Wageningen, The Netherlands.); Molinos M ( University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.); Dvarioniene J ( Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.); Huber C ( Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions (EGEN), German Research Center for Health and Environment GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.); Tsagarakis KP ( Business and Environmental Economics Technology Lab (BETECO), Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece.); Martinez-Lopez E ( University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.); Pagano SM ( Namik Kemal Üniversitesi, Tekirdag, Turkey.); Vogelsang C ( Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.); Mascolo G ( CNR-Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Bari, Italy.) |
| Abstract |
Present technologies for wastewater treatment do not sufficiently address the increasing pollution situation of receiving water bodies, especially with the growing use of personal care products and pharmaceuticals (PPCP) in the private household and health sector. The relevance of addressing this problem of organic pollutants was taken into account by the Directive 2013/39/EU that introduced (i) the quality evaluation of aquatic compartments, (ii) the polluter pays principle, (iii) the need for innovative and affordable wastewater treatment technologies, and (iv) the identification of pollution causes including a list of principal compounds to be monitored. In addition, a watch list of 10 other substances was recently defined by Decision 2015/495 on March 20, 2015. This list contains, among several recalcitrant chemicals, the painkiller diclofenac and the hormones 17ß-estradiol and 17 -ethinylestradiol. Although some modern approaches for their removal exist, such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), retrofitting most wastewater treatment plants with AOPs will not be acceptable as consistent investment at reasonable operational cost. Additionally, by-product and transformation product formation has to be considered. The same is true for membrane-based technologies (nanofiltration, reversed osmosis) despite of the incredible progress that has been made during recent years, because these systems lead to higher operation costs (mainly due to higher energy consumption) so that the majority of communities will not easily accept them. Advanced technologies in wastewater treatment like membrane bioreactors (MBR) that integrate biological degradation of organic matter with membrane filtration have proven a more complete elimination of emerging pollutants in a rather cost- and labor-intensive technology. Still, most of the presently applied methods are incapable of removing critical compounds completely. In this opinion paper, the state of the art of European WWTPs is reflected, and capacities of single methods are described. Furthermore, the need for analytical standards, risk assessment, and economic planning is stressed. The survey results in the conclusion that combinations of different conventional and advanced technologies including biological and plant-based strategies seem to be most promising to solve the burning problem of polluting our environment with hazardous emerging xenobiotics. |
| ISSN |
09441344 |
| e-ISSN |
16147499 |
| DOI |
10.1007/s11356-016-6503-x |
| Journal |
Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
| Issue Number |
13 |
| Volume Number |
23 |
| Language |
English |
| Publisher |
Springer |
| Publisher Date |
2016-07-01 |
| Publisher Place |
Germany |
| Access Restriction |
Open |
| Subject Keyword |
Discipline Environmental Science Discipline Environmental Chemistry |
| Content Type |
Text |
| Resource Type |
Article |
| Subject |
Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine |
