| Author |
Ciuleanu, Tudor-eliade Karaseva, Nina Grigorescu, Alexandru Lewanski, Conrad R. Thomas, Michael Reck, Martin Alexandris, Ekaterine Goksel, Tuncay Czyzewicz, Grzegorz Arrieta, Oscar Yurasov, Sergey Kim, Joo-hang Orlov, Sergey V. Prabhash, Kumar Park, Keunchil Garon, Edward B. Gans, Steven Dakhil, Shaker Pikiel, Joanna Syrigos, Konstantinos N. Bidoli, Paolo Pérol, Maurice Cappuzzo, Federico Kowalyszyn, Ruben Dario Gorbunova, Vera Sashegyi, Andreas |
| Description |
Author Affiliation: Garon EB ( David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA/Translational Research in Oncology-US Network, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: egaron@mednet.ucla.edu.); Ciuleanu TE ( Institute of Oncology Ion Chiricuta and University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.); Arrieta O ( Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia (INCAN), Mexico City, Mexico.); Prabhash K ( Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India.); Syrigos KN ( Oncology Unit GPP, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.); Goksel T ( Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.); Park K ( Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.); Gorbunova V ( Department of Chemotherapy, N N Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia.); Kowalyszyn RD ( Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Clínica Viedma, Argentina.); Pikiel J ( Wojewódzkie Centrum Onkologii, Gdansk, Poland.); Czyzewicz G ( Chemotherapy Department, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland.); Orlov SV ( Pavlov State Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia.); Lewanski CR ( Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.); Thomas M ( Internistische Onkologie der Thoraxtumoren, Thoraxklinik im Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.); Bidoli P ( Medical Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.); Dakhil S ( Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS, USA.); Gans S ( St Jansdal Hospital, Herderwijk, Netherlands.); Kim JH ( Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea.); Grigorescu A ( Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Bucharest, Romania.); Karaseva N ( City Clinical Oncology Dispensary, St Petersburg, Russia.); Reck M ( LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany.); Cappuzzo F ( Istituto Toscano Tumori, Livorno, Italy.); Alexandris E ( ImClone Systems, Eli Lilly, Bridgewater, NJ, USA.); Sashegyi A ( Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN, USA.); Yurasov S ( ImClone Systems, Eli Lilly, Bridgewater, NJ, USA.); Pérol M ( Léon-Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France.) |
| Abstract |
BACKGROUND: Ramucirumab is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets the extracellular domain of VEGFR-2. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of treatment with docetaxel plus ramucirumab or placebo as second-line treatment for patients with stage IV non-small-cell-lung cancer (NSCLC) after platinum-based therapy. METHODS: In this multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial (REVEL), we enrolled patients with squamous or non-squamous NSCLC who had progressed during or after a first-line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1) with a centralised, interactive voice-response system (stratified by sex, region, performance status, and previous maintenance therapy [yes vs no]) to receive docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) and either ramucirumab (10 mg/kg) or placebo on day 1 of a 21 day cycle until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal, or death. The primary endpoint was overall survival in all patients allocated to treatment. We assessed adverse events according to treatment received. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01168973. FINDINGS: Between Dec 3, 2010, and Jan 24, 2013, we screened 1825 patients, of whom 1253 patients were randomly allocated to treatment. Median overall survival was 10·5 months (IQR 5·1-21·2) for 628 patients allocated ramucirumab plus docetaxel and 9·1 months (4·2-18·0) for 625 patients who received placebo plus docetaxel (hazard ratio 0·86, 95% CI 0·75-0·98; p=0·023). Median progression-free survival was 4·5 months (IQR 2·3-8·3) for the ramucirumab group compared with 3·0 months (1·4-6·9) for the control group (0·76, 0·68-0·86; p<0·0001). We noted treatment-emergent adverse events in 613 (98%) of 627 patients in the ramucirumab safety population and 594 (95%) of 618 patients in the control safety population. The most common grade 3 or worse adverse events were neutropenia (306 patients [49%] in the ramucirumab group vs 246 [40%] in the control group), febrile neutropenia (100 [16%] vs 62 [10%]), fatigue (88 [14%] vs 65 [10%]), leucopenia (86 [14%] vs 77 [12%]), and hypertension (35 [6%] vs 13 [2%]). The numbers of deaths from adverse events (31 [5%] vs 35 [6%]) and grade 3 or worse pulmonary haemorrhage (eight [1%] vs eight [1%]) did not differ between groups. Toxicities were manageable with appropriate dose reductions and supportive care. INTERPRETATION: Ramucirumab plus docetaxel improves survival as second-line treatment of patients with stage IV NSCLC. FUNDING: Eli Lilly. |
