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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Niles, P. B. Owen, T. Domagal-goldman, S. Wray, J. J. Flesch, G. J. Trainer, M. G. Ming, D. W. Stern, J. C. Christensen, L. E. Webster, C. R. Atreya, S. K. Conrad, P. G. Eigenbrode, J. L. Pavlov, A. A. Malespin, C. Grotzinger, J. P. Brunner, A. E. Williford, K. H. Mahaffy, P. R. Freissinet, C. Leshin, L. A. Steele, A. Jones, J. H. Mcadam, A. C. Navarro-gonzalez, R. Franz, H. B. Glavin, D. P. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Mahaffy PR ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. paul.r.mahaffy@nasa.gov.); Webster CR ( Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.); Stern JC ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Brunner AE ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA. Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park); Atreya SK ( Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, USA.); Conrad PG ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Domagal-Goldman S ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Eigenbrode JL ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Flesch GJ ( Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.); Christensen LE ( Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.); Franz HB ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA.); Freissinet C ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. NASA Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.); Glavin DP ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Grotzinger JP ( Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.); Jones JH ( NASA Johnson Space Flight Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.); Leshin LA ( Office of the President, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA.); Malespin C ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research (GESTAR)/Universities Space Research Association (USRA) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); McAdam AC ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Ming DW ( NASA Johnson Space Flight Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.); Navarro-Gonzalez R ( Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F. 04510, Mexico.); Niles PB ( NASA Johnson Space Flight Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.); Owen T ( Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.); Pavlov AA ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Steele A ( Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA.); Trainer MG ( Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.); Williford KH ( Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.); Wray JJ ( School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.) |
| Abstract | The deuterium-to-hydrogen (D/H) ratio in strongly bound water or hydroxyl groups in ancient martian clays retains the imprint of the water of formation of these minerals. Curiosity's Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) experiment measured thermally evolved water and hydrogen gas released between 550° and 950°C from samples of Hesperian-era Gale crater smectite to determine this isotope ratio. The D/H value is 3.0 (±0.2) times the ratio in standard mean ocean water. The D/H ratio in this ~3-billion-year-old mudstone, which is half that of the present martian atmosphere but substantially higher than that expected in very early Mars, indicates an extended history of hydrogen escape and desiccation of the planet. |
| ISSN | 00368075 |
| Issue Number | 6220 |
| Journal | Science |
| Volume Number | 347 |
| e-ISSN | 10959203 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science (United States) |
| Publisher Date | 2015-01-23 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | History and Philosophy of Science |
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