| Author |
Li, Pei Zhou, Yunyun Ren, Wangyu Zhang, Jingfei Xu, Lin Sun, Dongmei Wu, Ping Zhou, Yiming Tang, Yawen |
| Description |
Author Affiliation: Zhang J ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Ren W ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Zhou Y ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Li P ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Xu L ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Sun D ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China. sundongmei@njnu.edu.cn.); Wu P ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Zhou Y ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.); Tang Y ( Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.) |
| Abstract |
Considerable lithium-driven volume changes and loss of crystallinity on cycling have impeded the sustainable use of transition metal oxides (MOs) as attractive anode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries that have almost six times the capacity of carbon per unit volume. Herein, $Co_{3}O_{4}$ was used as a model MO in a facile process involving two pyrolysis steps for in situ encapsulation of nanosized MO in porous two-dimensional graphitic carbon nanosheets (2D-GCNs) with high surface areas and abundant active sites to overcome the above-mentioned problems. The proposed method is inexpensive, industrially scalable, and easy to operate with a high yield. TEM revealed that the encaged $Co_{3}O_{4}$ is well separated and uniformly dispersed with surrounding onionlike graphitic layers. By taking advantage of the high electronic conductivity and confinement effect of the surrounding 2D-GCNs, a hierarchical GCNs-coated $Co_{3}O_{4}$ $(Co_{3}O_{4}@GCNs)$ anode with 43.5 wt % entrapped active nanoparticles delivered a remarkable initial specific capacity of $1816 mAh g^{−1}$ at a current density of $100 mA g^{−1}.$ After 50 cycles, the retained capacity is as high as $987 mAh g^{−1}.$ When the current density was increased to $1000 mA g^{−1},$ the anode showed a capacity retention of $416 mAh g^{−1}.$ Enhanced reversible rate capability and prolonged cycling stability were found for $Co_{3}O_{4}@GCN$ compared to pure GCNs and $Co_{3}O_{4}.$ The $Co_{3}O_{4}@GCNs$ hybrid holds promise as an efficient candidate material for anodes due to its low cost, environmentally friendly nature, high capacity, and stability. |
