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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Luke, V. S. Narahashi, T. Vogel, S. M. Atchison, W. D. |
| Abstract | Actions of two structurally related toxins, T-17 and brevetoxin-B, isolated from the red-tide dinoflagellate, Ptychodiscus brevis, were studied on the giant axon of the squid and the neuromuscular junctions of the frog and rat. T-17 toxin caused a large increase in the frequency of miniature endplate potentials at nanomolar concentrations. In one typical case with a frog endplate, the frequency increased from 1.9 s-1 before application of 3.5 nM T-17 to 69.3 s-1 within 5 min after application. In the rat muscle, the mean frequency increased from 1.39 s-1 in control to 11.93 s-1 after application of 23.2 nM T-17. The increase in miniature endplate potential frequency was reversed by the addition of 1 microM tetrodotoxin, and was not observed in a solution containing elevated Mg2+ and reduced Ca2+ concentrations. External or internal application of T-17 toxin (2-5 microM) or brevetoxin-B (10-30 microM) to intact or internally perfused squid axons caused a depolarization of the membrane. This depolarization was abolished by the removal of external Na+ or by addition of tetrodotoxin to the external solution. In voltage clamped squid giant axons, exposure to T-17 toxin or brevetoxin-B increased the non-inactivating component of the tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current. The sodium current was activated at potentials 15 to 40 mV more negative than control. It is proposed that these toxins modify a fraction of the sodium channels to a form which opens at potentials more negative than normal and which inactivates to a lesser extent. This mechanism would predict a depolarization of the nerve membrane at the neuromuscular junction, thus explaining the increased discharge of transmitter. |
| ISSN | 00071188 |
| e-ISSN | 14765381 |
| Journal | British Journal of Pharmacology |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Volume Number | 89 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley Online Library(on behalf of The British Pharmacological Society) |
| Publisher Date | 1986-12-01 |
| Publisher Place | Great Britain (UK) |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Ion Channels Metabolism Marine Toxins Pharmacology Neuromuscular Junction Drug Effects Neurons Oxocins Animals Axons Decapodiformes In Vitro Techniques Motor Endplate Rana Pipiens Rats, Inbred Strains Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Pharmacology |
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