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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Blandizzi, Corrado Fornai, Matteo De Giorgio, Roberto Colucci, Rocchina Del Tacca, Mario Baschiera, Fabio Barbara, Giovanni Breschi, Maria Cristina De Ponti, Fabrizio |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Blandizzi C ( Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Oncology, Transplants and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, Pisa 56126, Italy.) |
| Abstract | 1 This study investigates the influence of intestinal inflammation on: (1) the control of intestinal neurotransmission and motility by prejunctional alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and (2) the expression of intestinal alpha(2)-adrenoceptors. Experimental colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (DNBS) to rats. 2 UK-14,304 inhibited atropine-sensitive electrically evoked contractions of ileal and colonic longitudinal muscle preparations. UK-14,304 acted with similar potency, but higher efficacy, on tissues from DNBS-treated animals; its effects were antagonized with greater potency by phentolamine than rauwolscine. 3 Electrically induced [(3)H]noradrenaline release from ileal preparations was reduced in the presence of colitis. Tritium outflow was decreased by UK-14,304 and stimulated by rauwolscine or phentolamine: these effects were enhanced in preparations from animals with colitis. 4 Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay demonstrated the protein expression of alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors in mucosal and muscular tissues isolated from ileum and colon. The induction of colitis increased alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor expression in both ileal and colonic muscular layers, without concomitant changes in mucosal tissues. 5 Induction of colitis reduced gastrointestinal propulsion of a charcoal suspension in vivo. In this setting, the gastrointestinal transit was inhibited by intraperitoneal (i.p.) UK-14,304 and stimulated by i.p. rauwolscine. After pretreatment with guanethidine, the stimulant action of rauwolscine no longer occurred, and UK-14,304 exerted a more prominent inhibitory effect that was antagonized by rauwolscine. 6 The present results indicate that, in the presence of intestinal inflammation, prejunctional alpha(2)-adrenoceptors contribute to an enhanced inhibitory control of cholinergic and noradrenergic transmission both at inflamed and noninflamed distant sites. Evidence was obtained that such modulatory actions depend on an increased expression of alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors within the enteric nervous system. |
| ISSN | 00071188 |
| e-ISSN | 14765381 |
| Journal | British Journal of Pharmacology |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Volume Number | 139 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley Online Library(on behalf of The British Pharmacological Society) |
| Publisher Date | 2003-05-01 |
| Publisher Place | Great Britain (UK) |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Acetylcholine Secretion Colitis Physiopathology Dinitrofluorobenzene Analogs & Derivatives Norepinephrine Receptors, Adrenergic, Alpha-2 Biosynthesis Antagonists & Inhibitors Adrenergic Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists Adrenergic Alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists Animals Brimonidine Tartrate Chemically Induced Colon Metabolism Electric Stimulation Enteric Nervous System Drug Effects Physiology Gastrointestinal Motility Gastrointestinal Transit Ileum In Vitro Techniques Muscle Contraction Muscle, Smooth Quinoxalines Pharmacology Rats, Sprague-Dawley Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Yohimbine Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Pharmacology |
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