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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Burns, Katherine A. Vanden Heuvel, John P. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Burns KA ( Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.) |
| Abstract | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors that respond to specific ligands by altering gene expression in a cell-, developmental- and sex-specific manner. Three subtypes of this receptor have been discovered (PPARalpha, beta and gamma), each apparently evolving to fulfill different biological niches. PPARs control a variety of target genes involved in lipid homeostasis, diabetes and cancer. Similar to other nuclear receptors, the PPARs are phosphoproteins and their transcriptional activity is affected by cross-talk with kinases and phosphatases. Phosphorylation by the mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK- and p38-MAPK), Protein Kinase A and C (PKA, PKC), AMP Kinase (AMPK) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) affect their activity in a ligand-dependent or -independent manner. The effects of phosphorylation depend on the cellular context, receptor subtype and residue metabolized which can be manifested at several steps in the PPAR activation sequence including ligand affinity, DNA binding, coactivator recruitment and proteasomal degradation. The review will summarize the known PPAR kinases that directly act on these receptors, the sites affected and the result of this modification on receptor activity. |
| ISSN | 00063002 |
| Journal | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer |
| Issue Number | 8 |
| Volume Number | 1771 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2007-08-01 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Metabolism Animals Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases Growth Substances Physiology Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases PPAR Alpha PPAR Delta PPAR Gamma PPAR-beta Phosphorylation Signal Transduction Transcription Factors Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Biochemistry |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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