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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Forgac, Michael Cipriano, Daniel J. Hinton, Ayana Qi, Jie Wang, Yanru Bond, Sarah Jefferies, Kevin C. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Cipriano DJ ( Department of Physiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.) |
| Abstract | The vacuolar (H(+))-ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-dependent proton pumps responsible for both acidification of intracellular compartments and, for certain cell types, proton transport across the plasma membrane. Intracellular V-ATPases function in both endocytic and intracellular membrane traffic, processing and degradation of macromolecules in secretory and digestive compartments, coupled transport of small molecules such as neurotransmitters and ATP and in the entry of pathogenic agents, including envelope viruses and bacterial toxins. V-ATPases are present in the plasma membrane of renal cells, osteoclasts, macrophages, epididymal cells and certain tumor cells where they are important for urinary acidification, bone resorption, pH homeostasis, sperm maturation and tumor cell invasion, respectively. The V-ATPases are composed of a peripheral domain (V(1)) that carries out ATP hydrolysis and an integral domain (V(0)) responsible for proton transport. V(1) contains eight subunits (A-H) while V(0) contains six subunits (a, c, c', c'', d and e). V-ATPases operate by a rotary mechanism in which ATP hydrolysis within V(1) drives rotation of a central rotary domain, that includes a ring of proteolipid subunits (c, c' and c''), relative to the remainder of the complex. Rotation of the proteolipid ring relative to subunit a within V(0) drives active transport of protons across the membrane. Two important mechanisms of regulating V-ATPase activity in vivo are reversible dissociation of the V(1) and V(0) domains and changes in coupling efficiency of proton transport and ATP hydrolysis. This review focuses on recent advances in our lab in understanding the structure and regulation of the V-ATPases. |
| ISSN | 00063002 |
| Journal | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer |
| Issue Number | 7-8 |
| Volume Number | 1777 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2008-07-01 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases Chemistry Metabolism Animals Cell Membrane Enzymology Endocytosis Endosomes Kinetics Lysosomes Models, Molecular Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Biochemistry |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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