NDLI: C/EBPalpha is required for differentiation of white, but not brown, adipose tissue.

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C/EBPalpha is required for differentiation of white, but not brown, adipose tissue.

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C/EBPalpha is required for differentiation of white, but not brown, adipose tissue.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Darlington, G. J. Linhart, H. G. Bick, R. J. Ishimura-oka, K. Kibe, T. Poindexter, B. Demayo, F. Repka, D.
Description	Author Affiliation: Linhart HG ( Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, University Hospital Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.);
Abstract	The transcription factor CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) is expressed at high levels in liver and adipose tissue. Cell culture studies show that C/EBPalpha is sufficient to trigger differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes, suggesting a central role for C/EBPalpha in the development of adipose tissue. C/EBPalpha knockout mice die within 7-12 h after birth. Defective gluconeogenesis of the liver and subsequent hypoglycemia contribute to the early death of these animals. This short life span impairs investigation of the development of adipose tissue in these mice. To improve the survival of C/EBPalpha-/- animals, we generated a transgenic line that expresses C/EBPalpha under the control of the albumin enhancer/promoter. This line was bred into the knockout strain to generate animals that express C/EBPalpha in the liver but in no other tissue. The presence of the transgene improved survival of C/EBPalpha-/- animals almost 3-fold. Transgenic C/EBPalpha-/- animals at 7 days of age show an absence of s.c., perirenal, and epididymal white fat despite excess lipid substrate in the serum, whereas brown adipose tissue is somewhat hypertrophied and shows minimal biochemical alterations. Interestingly, mammary gland fat tissue is present and exhibits normal morphology. The absence of white adipose tissue in many depots in the presence of high serum lipid levels shows that C/EBPalpha is required for the in vivo development of this tissue. In contrast, brown adipose tissue differentiation is independent of C/EBPalpha expression. The presence of lipid in brown adipose tissue serves as an internal nutritional control, indicating that neither nutritional intake nor lipoprotein composition is likely responsible for the absence of white fat.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	22
Volume Number	98
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2001-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Adipose Tissue, Brown Cytology Adipose Tissue CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha Physiology Animals Cell Differentiation Fatty Liver Etiology Hyperlipidemias Lipoprotein Lipase Genetics Liver Metabolism Mice Mice, Transgenic Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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