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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Schäfer, Wilhelm Von Wettstein, Diter Felk, Angelika Kogel, Karl-heinz Jansen, Carin Maier, Frank J. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Jansen C ( Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.); |
| Abstract | Fusarium head blight epidemics of wheat and barley cause heavy economic losses to farmers due to yield decreases and production of mycotoxin that renders the grain useless for flour and malt products. No highly resistant cultivars are available at present. Hyphae of germinating fungal spores use different paths of infection: After germination at the extruded tip of an ovary, the hyphae travel along the epicarp in the space between the lemma and palea. Infection of the developing kernel proceeds through the epicarp, successively destroying the layers of the fruit coat and finally the starch and protein accumulating endosperm. Hyphae reaching the rachis proceed to apically located developing kernels. Using a constitutively green fluorescence protein-expressing Fusarium wild-type strain, and its knockout mutant, preventing trichothecene synthesis, we demonstrate that trichothecenes are not a virulence factor during infection through the fruit coat. In the absence of trichothecenes, the fungus is blocked by the development of heavy cell wall thickenings in the rachis node of Nandu wheat, a defense inhibited by the mycotoxin. In barley hyphae of both wild-type and the trichothecene knockout mutant, are inhibited at the rachis node and rachilla, limiting infection of adjacent florets through the phloem and along the surface of the rachis. Effective resistance to Fusarium head blight requires expression of genes that combat these different pathways of infection. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 46 |
| Volume Number | 102 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2005-11-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Carbon-Carbon Lyases Genetics Fusarium Physiology Genes, Fungal Hordeum Microbiology Triticum Growth & Development Genotype Spores, Fungal Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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