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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Kroczynska, Barbara Elmishad, Amira G. Liu, Zemin Mossman, Brooke T. Pass, Harvey I. Yang, Haining Bocchetta, Maurizio Franzoso, Guido Carbone, Michele Bubici, Concetta Chen, Yuanbin Testa, Joseph R. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Yang H ( Thoracic Oncology Program, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.); |
| Abstract | Asbestos is the main cause of human malignant mesothelioma (MM). In vivo, macrophages phagocytize asbestos and, in response, release TNF-alpha and other cytokines that contribute to carcinogenesis through unknown mechanisms. In vitro, asbestos does not induce transformation of primary human mesothelial cells (HM); instead, asbestos is very cytotoxic to HM, causing extensive cell death. This finding raised an apparent paradox: How can asbestos cause MM if HM exposed to asbestos die? We found that asbestos induced the secretion of TNF-alpha and the expression of TNF-alpha receptor I in HM. Treatment of HM with TNF-alpha significantly reduced asbestos cytotoxicity. Through numerous technical approaches, including chemical inhibitors and small interfering RNA strategies, we demonstrate that, in HM, TNF-alpha activates NF-kappaB and that NF-kappaB activation leads to HM survival and resistance to the cytotoxic effects of asbestos. Our data show a critical role for TNF-alpha and NF-kappaB signaling in mediating HM responses to asbestos. TNF-alpha signaling through NF-kappaB-dependent mechanisms increases the percent of HM that survives asbestos exposure, thus increasing the pool of asbestos-damaged HM that are susceptible to malignant transformation. Cytogenetics supported this hypothesis, showing only rare, aberrant metaphases in HM exposed to asbestos and an increased mitotic rate with fewer irregular metaphases in HM exposed to both TNF-alpha and asbestos. Our findings provide a mechanistic rationale for the paradoxical inability of asbestos to transform HM in vitro, elucidate and underscore the role of TNF-alpha in asbestos pathogenesis in humans, and identify potential molecular targets for anti-MM prevention and therapy. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 27 |
| Volume Number | 103 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2006-07-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Asbestos Toxicity Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Metabolism Pathology NF-kappa B Signal Transduction Drug Effects Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Chemically Induced Genetics Cells, Cultured Chromosomes, Human Epithelium Metaphase RNA Interference Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I Pharmacology Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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