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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Durkin, Colleen A. Parker, Micaela S. Kodner, Robin B. Allen, Andrew E. Morales, Rhonda Schruth, David M. Marchetti, Adrian Armbrust, E. Virginia Berthiaume, Chris T. |
| Spatial Coverage | Pacific Ocean |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Marchetti A ( School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. amarchetti@unc.edu); |
| Abstract | In vast expanses of the oceans, growth of large phytoplankton such as diatoms is limited by iron availability. Diatoms respond almost immediately to the delivery of iron and rapidly compose the majority of phytoplankton biomass. The molecular bases underlying the subsistence of diatoms in iron-poor waters and the plankton community dynamics that follow iron resupply remain largely unknown. Here we use comparative metatranscriptomics to identify changes in gene expression associated with iron-stimulated growth of diatoms and other eukaryotic plankton. A microcosm iron-enrichment experiment using mixed-layer waters from the northeastern Pacific Ocean resulted in increased proportions of diatom transcripts and reduced proportions of transcripts from most other taxa within 98 h after iron addition. Hundreds of diatom genes were differentially expressed in the iron-enriched community compared with the iron-limited community; transcripts of diatom genes required for synthesis of photosynthesis and chlorophyll components, nitrate assimilation and the urea cycle, and synthesis of carbohydrate storage compounds were significantly overrepresented. Transcripts of genes encoding rhodopsins in eukaryotic phytoplankton were significantly underrepresented following iron enrichment, suggesting rhodopsins help cells cope with low-iron conditions. Oceanic diatoms appear to display a distinctive transcriptional response to iron enrichment that allows chemical reduction of available nitrogen and carbon sources along with a continued dependence on iron-free photosynthetic proteins rather than substituting for iron-containing functional equivalents present within their gene repertoire. This ability of diatoms to divert their newly acquired iron toward nitrate assimilation may underlie why diatoms consistently dominate iron enrichments in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll regions. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 6 |
| Volume Number | 109 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2012-02-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Pharmacology Metagenomics Phytoplankton Genetics Physiology Transcriptome Diatoms Drug Effects Growth & Development Eukaryota Metabolism Gene Expression Profiling Metabolic Networks And Pathways Pacific Ocean Phylogeny Classification RNA, Messenger Rhodopsin Seawater Comparative Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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