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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Spence, Lauren Harkany, Tibor Mcparland, Shane Uhlén, Mathias Heikenwalder, Mathias Attems, Johannes Hökfelt, Tomas G. M. Tanila, Heikki Alpar, Alan |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Attems J ( Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom.); |
| Abstract | Expanding the repertoire of molecularly diverse neurons in the human nervous system is paramount to characterizing the neuronal networks that underpin sensory processing. Defining neuronal identities is particularly timely in the human olfactory system, whose structural differences from nonprimate macrosmatic species have recently gained momentum. Here, we identify clusters of bipolar neurons in a previously unknown outer “shell” domain of the human olfactory tract, which express secretagogin, a cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ binding protein. These “shell” neurons are wired into the olfactory circuitry because they can receive mixed synaptic inputs. Unexpectedly, secretagogin is often coexpressed with polysialylated–neural cell adhesion molecule, β-III-tubulin, and calretinin, suggesting that these neurons represent a cell pool that might have escaped terminal differentiation into the olfactory circuitry. We hypothesized that secretagogin-containing “shell” cells may be eliminated from the olfactory axis under neurodegenerative conditions. Indeed, the density, but not the morphological or neurochemical integrity, of secretagogin-positive neurons selectively decreases in the olfactory tract in Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, secretagogin identifies a previously undescribed cell pool whose cytoarchitectonic arrangements and synaptic connectivity are poised to modulate olfactory processing in humans. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 16 |
| Volume Number | 109 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2012-04-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Calcium-Binding Proteins Biosynthesis Cell Differentiation Neurons Metabolism Olfactory Pathways Alzheimer Disease Pathology Animals Autopsy Cell Count Immunohistochemistry Mice Microscopy, Confocal Microtubule-Associated Proteins Olfactory Bulb Cytology Secretagogins Synaptophysin Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2 Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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