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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Russell, Ann E. Raich, James W. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Russell AE ( Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. arussell@iastate.edu); |
| Abstract | Fast-growing forests such as tropical secondary forests can accumulate large amounts of carbon (C), and thereby play an important role in the atmospheric $CO_{2}$ balance. Because nitrogen (N) cycling is inextricably linked with C cycling, the question becomes: Where does the N come from to match high rates of C accumulation? In unique experimental 16-y-old plantations established in abandoned pasture in lowland Costa Rica, we used a mass-balance approach to quantify N accumulation in vegetation, identify sources of N, and evaluate differences among tree species in N cycling. The replicated design contained four broad-leaved evergreen tree species growing under similar environmental conditions. Nitrogen uptake was rapid, reaching 409 (±30) $kg⋅ha^{−1}⋅y^{−1},$ double the rate reported from a Puerto Rican forest and greater than four times that observed at Hubbard Brook Forest (New Hampshire, USA). Nitrogen amassed in vegetation was 874 (±176) $kg⋅ha^{−1},$ whereas net losses of soil N (0–100 cm) varied from 217 (±146) to 3,354 (±915) $kg⋅ha^{−1}$ (P = 0.018) over 16 y. Soil C:N, $δ^{13}C$ values, and N budgets indicated that soil was the main source of biomass N. In Vochysia guatemalensis, however, N fixation contributed >60 $kg⋅ha^{−1}⋅y^{−1}.$ All species apparently promoted soil N turnover, such that the soil N mean residence time was 32–54 y, an order of magnitude lower than the global mean. High rates of N uptake were associated with substantial N losses in three of the species, in which an average of 1.6 g N was lost for every gram of N accumulated in biomass. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 26 |
| Volume Number | 109 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2012-06-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Nitrogen Metabolism Tropical Climate Biomass Species Specificity Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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