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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Hughes, David Wortley, David J. Edwards, Lesley Steel, Patrick G. Cummins, Ian Knight, Kathryn Sellars, Jonathan D. Hutchings, Sarah-jane Coxon, Christopher R. He, Zhesi Edwards, Robert Straker, Hannah E. Kaundun, Shiv Shankhar Sabbadin, Federico |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Cummins I ( Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.); |
| Abstract | Multiple-herbicide resistance (MHR) in black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) and annual rye-grass (Lolium rigidum) is a global problem leading to a loss of chemical weed control in cereal crops. Although poorly understood, in common with multiple-drug resistance (MDR) in tumors, MHR is associated with an enhanced ability to detoxify xenobiotics. In humans, MDR is linked to the overexpression of a pi class glutathione transferase (GSTP1), which has both detoxification and signaling functions in promoting drug resistance. In both annual rye-grass and black-grass, MHR was also associated with the increased expression of an evolutionarily distinct plant phi (F) GSTF1 that had a restricted ability to detoxify herbicides. When the black-grass A. myosuroides (Am) AmGSTF1 was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, the transgenic plants acquired resistance to multiple herbicides and showed similar changes in their secondary, xenobiotic, and antioxidant metabolism to those determined in MHR weeds. Transcriptome array experiments showed that these changes in biochemistry were not due to changes in gene expression. Rather, AmGSTF1 exerted a direct regulatory control on metabolism that led to an accumulation of protective flavonoids. Further evidence for a key role for this protein in MHR was obtained by showing that the GSTP1- and MDR-inhibiting pharmacophore 4-chloro-7-nitro-benzoxadiazole was also active toward AmGSTF1 and helped restore herbicide control in MHR black-grass. These studies demonstrate a central role for specific GSTFs in MHR in weeds that has parallels with similar roles for unrelated GSTs in MDR in humans and shows their potential as targets for chemical intervention in resistant weed management. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 15 |
| Volume Number | 110 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2013-04-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Glutathione Transferase Physiology Herbicide Resistance Genetics Herbicides Pharmacology Plant Weeds Enzymology Poaceae Arabidopsis Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes, Plant Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Phenotype Plants, Genetically Modified Transgenes Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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