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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Shaheen, Robina Mccabe, Justin Abauanza, Mariana Thiemens, Mark H. Jackson, Teresa L. Savarino, Joel |
| Spatial Coverage | Antarctic Regions |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Shaheen R ( Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.); |
| Abstract | The ability of sulfate aerosols to reflect solar radiation and simultaneously act as cloud condensation nuclei renders them central players in the global climate system. The oxidation of S(IV) compounds and their transport as stable S(VI) in the Earth’s system are intricately linked to planetary scale processes, and precise characterization of the overall process requires a detailed understanding of the linkage between climate dynamics and the chemistry leading to the product sulfate. This paper reports a high-resolution, 22-y (1980–2002) record of the oxygen-triple isotopic composition of sulfate $(SO_{4})$ aerosols retrieved from a snow pit at the South Pole. Observed variation in the O-isotopic anomaly of $SO_{4}$ aerosol is linked to the ozone variation in the tropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere via the Ozone El-Niño Southern Oscillations (ENSO) Index (OEI). Higher $∆^{17}O$ values (3.3‰, 4.5‰, and 4.2‰) were observed during the three largest ENSO events of the past 2 decades. Volcanic events inject significant quantities of $SO_{4}$ aerosol into the stratosphere, which are known to affect ENSO strength by modulating stratospheric ozone levels (OEI = 6 and $∆^{17}O$ = 3.3‰, OEI = 11 and $∆^{17}O$ = 4.5‰) and normal oxidative pathways. Our high-resolution data indicated that $∆^{17}O$ of sulfate aerosols can record extreme phases of naturally occurring climate cycles, such as ENSOs, which couple variations in the ozone levels in the atmosphere and the hydrosphere via temperature driven changes in relative humidity levels. A longer term, higher resolution oxygen-triple isotope analysis of sulfate aerosols from ice cores, encompassing more ENSO periods, is required to reconstruct paleo-ENSO events and paleotropical ozone variations. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 44 |
| Volume Number | 110 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2013-10-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Aerosols Chemistry Climate El Nino-Southern Oscillation Oxygen Isotopes Sulfates Volcanic Eruptions Antarctic Regions Models, Chemical Oxidation-Reduction Snow Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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