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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Lennon, William Yamazaki, Tadashi Tanaka, Shigeru Nagao, Soichi |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Yamazaki T ( Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, and pnas14@neuralgorithm.org.); Nagao S ( Brain Science Promotion Division, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan); Lennon W ( Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.); Tanaka S ( Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan); |
| Abstract | Long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synapses is thought to underlie memory formation in cerebellar motor learning. Recent experimental results, however, suggest that multiple plasticity mechanisms in the cerebellar cortex and cerebellar/vestibular nuclei participate in memory formation. To examine this possibility, we formulated a simple model of the cerebellum with a minimal number of components based on its known anatomy and physiology, implementing both LTD and long-term potentiation (LTP) at PF-PC synapses and mossy fiber-vestibular nuclear neuron (MF-VN) synapses. With this model, we conducted a simulation study of the gain adaptation of optokinetic response (OKR) eye movement. Our model reproduced several important aspects of previously reported experimental results in wild-type and cerebellum-related gene-manipulated mice. First, each 1-h training led to the formation of short-term memory of learned OKR gain at PF-PC synapses, which diminished throughout the day. Second, daily repetition of the training gradually formed long-term memory that was maintained for days at MF-VN synapses. We reproduced such memory formation under various learning conditions. Third, long-term memory formation occurred after training but not during training, indicating that the memory consolidation occurred during posttraining periods. Fourth, spaced training outperformed massed training in long-term memory formation. Finally, we reproduced OKR gain changes consistent with the changes in the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) previously reported in some gene-manipulated mice. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 11 |
| Volume Number | 112 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2015-03-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Cerebellum Physiology Memory Models, Neurological Vestibular Nuclei Adaptation, Physiological Animals Computer Simulation Mice, Transgenic Neuronal Plasticity Purkinje Cells Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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