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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Betson, Tatiana R. Ehlers, Ina Nilsson, Mats B. Marshall, John D. Schleucher, Jürgen Augusti, Angela |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Ehlers I ( Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden); Augusti A ( Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden); Betson TR ( Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden); Nilsson MB ( Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umea, Sweden); Marshall JD ( Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umea, Sweden); Schleucher J ( Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden); |
| Abstract | Terrestrial vegetation currently absorbs approximately a third of anthropogenic $CO_{2}$ emissions, mitigating the rise of atmospheric $CO_{2}.$ However, terrestrial net primary production is highly sensitive to atmospheric $CO_{2}$ levels and associated climatic changes. In $C_{3}$ plants, which dominate terrestrial vegetation, net photosynthesis depends on the ratio between photorespiration and gross photosynthesis. This metabolic flux ratio depends strongly on $CO_{2}$ levels, but changes in this ratio over the past $CO_{2}$ rise have not been analyzed experimentally. Combining $CO_{2}$ manipulation experiments and deuterium NMR, we first establish that the intramolecular deuterium distribution (deuterium isotopomers) of photosynthetic $C_{3}$ glucose contains a signal of the photorespiration/photosynthesis ratio. By tracing this isotopomer signal in herbarium samples of natural $C_{3}$ vascular plant species, crops, and a Sphagnum moss species, we detect a consistent reduction in the photorespiration/photosynthesis ratio in response to the ∼100-ppm $CO_{2}$ increase between ∼1900 and 2013. No difference was detected in the isotopomer trends between beet sugar samples covering the 20th century and $CO_{2}$ manipulation experiments, suggesting that photosynthetic metabolism in sugar beet has not acclimated to increasing $CO_{2}$ over >100 y. This provides observational evidence that the reduction of the photorespiration/photosynthesis ratio was ca. 25%. The Sphagnum results are consistent with the observed positive correlations between peat accumulation rates and photosynthetic rates over the Northern Hemisphere. Our results establish that isotopomers of plant archives contain metabolic information covering centuries. Our data provide direct quantitative information on the $“CO_{2}$ fertilization” effect over decades, thus addressing a major uncertainty in Earth system models. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 51 |
| Volume Number | 112 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2015-12-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Carbon Dioxide Metabolism Photosynthesis Plants Carbon Isotopes Deuterium Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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