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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Young, Nicole A. Flaherty, David K. Turner, Emily C. Collins, Christine E. Reed, Jamie L. Kaas, Jon H. Sawyer, Eva Kille |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Collins CE ( Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240); Turner EC ( Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240); Sawyer EK ( Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240); Reed JL ( Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240); Young NA ( Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240); Flaherty DK ( Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Nashville, TN 37232.); Kaas JH ( Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240); |
| Abstract | The density of cells and neurons in the neocortex of many mammals varies across cortical areas and regions. This variability is, perhaps, most pronounced in primates. Nonuniformity in the composition of cortex suggests regions of the cortex have different specializations. Specifically, regions with densely packed neurons contain smaller neurons that are activated by relatively few inputs, thereby preserving information, whereas regions that are less densely packed have larger neurons that have more integrative functions. Here we present the numbers of cells and neurons for 742 discrete locations across the neocortex in a chimpanzee. Using isotropic fractionation and flow fractionation methods for cell and neuron counts, we estimate that neocortex of one hemisphere contains 9.5 billion cells and 3.7 billion neurons. Primary visual cortex occupies 35 cm(2) of surface, 10% of the total, and contains 737 million densely packed neurons, 20% of the total neurons contained within the hemisphere. Other areas of high neuron packing include secondary visual areas, somatosensory cortex, and prefrontal granular cortex. Areas of low levels of neuron packing density include motor and premotor cortex. These values reflect those obtained from more limited samples of cortex in humans and other primates. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Volume Number | 113 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2016-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Neocortex Cytology Neurons Pan Troglodytes Physiology Aging Animals Cell Count Motor Cortex Somatosensory Cortex Visual Cortex Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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